Common stock and other securities may be issued with or without a stated face value or "par" value. Issuing stock with or without par or face value may have several consequences.
When directors perform their corporate responsibilities, the duty of care requires them to exercise the care that an ordinary prudent person would exercise in the management of his or her own affairs under similar circumstances. To be able to invoke the protections of the business judgment rule, directors must make informed business decisions.
Investment advisers must file Form ADV with the Securities and Exchange Commission or with state offices for regulating securities. Investment advisers who manage $25 million or more in client assets must file the form and register with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Advisers managing smaller amounts of assets must file Form ADV with state securities regulators.
A company that decides to sell its stock to the public must file a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The registration statement is made public as it is filed. However, the company may not sell its securities described in the registration statement until staff of the Commission has declared that the registration statement is effective.
The United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission regulates the offer and sale of foreign futures and options contracts to customers in the United States. Part 30 of rules of the Commission requires that sellers of such contracts must register with the Commission or seek an exemption from registration and that any seller, whether or not registered, must not engage in fraudulent activities.
